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- RELIGION, Page 52To Hell with Choice
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- A Cardinal turns excommunication into a political weapon
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- Stumping for the White House, John F. Kennedy promised
- voters he would leave office if his Roman Catholicism ever
- interfered with his political duties. Last week New York's John
- Cardinal O'Connor proclaimed that Kennedy was wrong: Catholics
- should fight, not quit. In a strongly worded twelve-page
- statement published in the archdiocesan weekly, the Cardinal
- declared that Catholic officeholders had an obligation to
- support their church's moral teachings -- especially on
- abortion. Failure to do so, he said, merited excommunication.
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- "Where Catholics are perceived not only as treating Church
- teaching on abortion with contempt," wrote O'Connor, "but
- helping to multiply abortions by advocating legislation
- supporting abortion, or by making public funds available for
- abortion, bishops may decide that, for the common good, such
- Catholics must be warned that they are at risk of
- excommunication." Though the Cardinal emphasized that he was not
- writing on behalf of the U.S. episcopate, his words will
- inevitably have nationwide impact, and could fuel a backlash
- against church incursions into politics.
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- Reaction was immediate -- much of it indignant. Snapped New
- York Congressman Charles Rangel, a pro-choice Catholic: "I
- can't believe that such a meanspirited, threatening and
- intimidating statement could have possibly come from my
- Cardinal." New York Governor Mario Cuomo, a prominent target
- of O'Connor's threat, called the statement "profoundly
- disconcerting," adding judiciously that "those of us in public
- life take what he says very seriously and always have."
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- O'Connor's excommunication bombshell spotlighted his
- penchant for grabbing controversial headlines and intensified
- differences among U.S. bishops over how much to arm-twist
- pro-choice Catholic politicians. Meeting last November, the
- bishops declared, "No Catholic can responsibly take a
- `pro-choice' stand when the `choice' in question involves the
- taking of innocent human life." The same meeting elected
- hard-liner O'Connor chairman of the bishops' pro-life
- committee.
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- But some prominent bishops are at odds with shock tactics.
- Joseph Cardinal Bernardin of Chicago, O'Connor's predecessor
- as pro-life chairman, says that "the church can be most
- effective in the public debate on abortion through moral
- persuasion, not punitive measures." On the other hand, San
- Diego's Bishop Leo Maher denied Communion to a pro-choice
- Catholic who was running for the California senate.
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- Catholic canon law prescribes excommunication for specified
- moral or ecclesiastical offenses, including procuring an
- abortion. But bishops like O'Connor are breaking new ground in
- publicly applying the penalty to politicians who vote
- pro-choice or favor abortion funding. Father James Provost of
- the Catholic University of America says that a bishop could
- theoretically take such action under catchall canon-law
- provisions concerning errant church members, but he says such
- instances are "very rare." Though there was speculation that
- O'Connor would not have issued such a sweeping statement without
- tacit Vatican approval, Rome has no public policy on
- pro-choice politicians. Indeed, the church has tended to play
- down excommunication since the Second Vatican Council.
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- By Richard N. Ostling. Reported by Cathy Booth/Rome and Andrea
- Sachs/New York.
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